Show the person, the place, the capability and the evidence.
FromListing→ToNarrative and proof
A listing is a thumbnail, a price and a star rating. When the customer is choosing a person to solve a problem, they need to see who that person is and what evidence stands behind the claim. Video can carry the story, but structured, verifiable proof has to carry the trust.
The customer is evaluating an actor, not a product
Moving from buy this product to let this business solve my problem changes what the consumer is evaluating. It is no longer only a product but a commercial actor, and that is a much larger trust problem. A listing format built for products can’t carry it.
Capability is hard to convey in text. A catalogue can say “solid-wood furniture” and a photograph can show a table. A video can show the workshop, the craftsman, the wood, the tools, the process, the scale of production and past work. That is contextual evidence, and it matters most when the provider is part of the product decision, as with a tailor, a baker, a repair specialist, an interior designer or an artisan. It also gives very small businesses a media surface they could never otherwise afford[CN]: a specialist with no SEO, no ad budget, no professional photography and no website can show what it does.
Narrative can’t carry the facts
A 45-second video can show that a family-run furniture workshop exists, what it looks like and what it has made. An agent needs something else: whether it makes custom furniture, works in solid wood and installs, plus its minimum order, lead time, service area and monthly capacity. Machine-readable capability enables discovery and filtering. Human-readable narrative enables understanding and preference. Transaction data enables execution. The architecture can’t run on video alone.
The training certificate travels. The track record usually doesn’t.
Claims are not evidence
“We specialise in premium modular kitchens” is a claim. “[n] verified completed kitchen installations” is evidence. The interface must never blur them, so every trust attribute carries one of four statuses: self-declared, network-verified, third-party-verified or transaction-derived.
Commerce also manufactures evidence. A new provider might start with verified identity and self-declared capability. After ten successful transactions it has a transaction history, after twenty it has repeat customers, after fifty category-specific performance evidence, and after a year a sustained service record. The network doesn’t just measure trust. It converts previously invisible capability into observable evidence. This is the same mechanism as in our Trust teardown: there, accumulating evidence led toward financeability; here it leads toward discoverability.
Go deeper
Why video, and what the data says
The consumer evidence points the same way, with a caveat. A 2026 Meta-commissioned Ipsos study (4,000+ respondents in 23 cities) reported that at least 97% of surveyed users in India watch video daily on Meta’s platforms. It also reported that Reels drives 81% product discovery, 66% consideration and 47% purchase influence among users, a base the release does not define[1]. A 2025 Meta-commissioned GWI study found that nearly eight in ten Indian shoppers discover products through social media[2]. These are commissioned studies and should be read as directional.
The story should lead straight into commerce. Imagine a 40-second video from a workshop that specialises in solid teak and custom pieces illustrative. The consumer taps through to its capability (custom furniture, teak, restoration, installation) and its evidence (verified identity, plus completed projects that each carry a verification status). The commercial information follows: typical project range, lead time, service area and current availability. From there they can request a quote, book a consultation or buy.
The danger: better videos beating better providers
If the system rewards better-looking videos over better capability, it becomes another attention marketplace in which the best content creator outranks the better craftsman. Keeping video out of the ranking is necessary but not sufficient, because a video still sways the choice once it is on screen. Four mitigations follow.
- Capture should be standardised and assisted, with the same length and structure for every provider, recorded from a template or by a field team.
- Structured proof should appear with equal prominence beside every video.
- Every video should be linked to a verified identity and dated, since the evidence review finds video strengthens trust only when it is tied to identity and recency.
- The pilot should measure whether video lifts conversion without lowering outcome quality. The cost of producing and refreshing video counts as part of representation cost (Shift 2).
A star rating is not enough, and four layers of trust
Suppose three providers can install a modular kitchen and all three show 4.7 stars. The rating doesn’t say whether they’ve installed kitchens before, how many, or of what type. It doesn’t say whether they’ve worked in this locality, have trained installers, or can coordinate electrical and plumbing work. It says nothing about typical completion time, whose warranty applies, or what happens when something goes wrong. One number compresses all of it.
The section drafts proposed three kinds of proof, and the evidence review adds a fourth layer, decision transparency.
| Layer | Question it answers | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Identity and eligibility | Who are you, and are you allowed to do this? | Verified person or business, location, registration, licences, certifications |
| Capability evidence | Can you do what you claim? | Portfolio, work samples, equipment, training, service categories, capacity, coverage |
| Performance evidence | Have you actually delivered it? | Completed jobs, on-time rate, cancellations, disputes, repeat customers, review quality |
| Decision transparency | Why am I seeing you? | Filters applied, what is verified, what remains unverified |
These layers should not collapse into one score. A new provider can have strong identity and a thin performance history, and in some trades strong performance comes with few formal credentials. When a provider appears, the explanation should be plain: verified business identity; [n] completed appliance repairs in your area; specialises in this appliance category; available tomorrow. That says far more than 4.8 stars (Shift 5 covers why that explanation must come from the real selection logic).
Not our invention
ONDC’s 2022 trust consultation paper already gave a wide range of trust areas their own sections: search and discovery, order placement, fulfilment, payment and settlement, returns, refunds and cancellations, issue and grievance management, participant KYC, common taxonomy, cataloguing as a service, scoring and badging, enforcement and compliance, and community governance[3]. ONDC’s FY 2025–26 report says it aims to enable verifiable financial identities, which is a financial credential rather than a capability one[4]. Portable capability credentials also exist in practice: Urban Company’s service professionals receive Skill India-certified digital credentials through its partnership with NSDC[5]. What rarely travels is performance history. The open question is how deeply trust connects to capability discovery, and whether performance evidence can become as portable as certificates.
Four problems the trust layer has to solve
Cold start. New providers have no transaction evidence, yet they need demand to build it, and a trust layer that rewards history can lock in incumbents. Several options are worth testing: verified identity plus capability proof as sufficient for entry; a visible “new” label instead of exclusion; rotating ties in shortlists (Shift 5); a user choice on whether to include new providers; and concierge follow-up and verification on early jobs.
Verification cost. Someone has to check licences, portfolios and claimed job counts, and human verification may be one of the largest operating costs in the model. It can be tiered, starting with automated identity checks, then sampled field verification, with transaction-derived evidence as the cheapest source over time. Whatever it costs belongs in mission completion cost (Shift 1).
Gaming. Self-dealing transactions and bought reviews can manufacture evidence, and portable reputation raises the payoff for gaming. Transaction evidence can be weighted by the diversity of counterparties, a sample of completions can be verified, and dispute history can be shown.
Portability. Portable trust depends on network governance, and ONDC says only that it aims to enable verifiable financial identities[4]. For now portability is a direction, not a capability.
What could go wrong
- Trust transfer.Users may trust a familiar app but not an unknown local provider.
- Verification cost.Checking claims may cost more than the demand it unlocks.
- Gaming.Portable reputation invites manufactured evidence.
- Content burden.Merchants may not create or refresh their videos.
- Video bias.Polished content may win even with the mitigations in place.
How we’d test it
Only star ratings move behaviour, or video lifts conversion while outcomes get worse.
| The test | What we would measure | What would end the idea |
|---|---|---|
| Trust signals (Experiment 5) | Conversion by proof type; which signals users understand and act on; exposure and conversion of new providers | Only star ratings move behaviour, or new providers never convert |
| Narrative versus structured proof | Randomise a short video, work proof, structured attributes or combinations; measure confidence, contact, conversion, time to choice and outcome quality | Video lifts conversion but outcomes get worse |
| Content cost | Minutes and cost to capture and refresh a provider’s video | Refresh cost exceeds what the incremental demand is worth |
How strong is the evidence?
- Established
- Video is a major discovery surface in India (commissioned studies, directional); ONDC’s own consultation treats trust as a distinct design area; portable skill credentials exist.
- Evidence-supported
- Layered trust signals beat single ratings; video builds trust only when tied to identity and recency.
- Hypothesis
- Transaction-derived trust can be made portable and resistant to gaming.
- Unknown
- Verification cost, cold-start dynamics, and whether video bias harms outcomes.
Sources
- [1]Meta, Reels is shaping India’s video-first future (2026, commissioned)Checked; a Meta release describing a Meta-commissioned study
- [2]Meta, Creators, short-form videos and messaging are disrupting how offline retailers sell (2025, commissioned)Checked; a Meta release describing a Meta-commissioned study
- [3]ONDC, Building Trust in the ONDC Network: Consultation Paper (2022)Checked
- [4]ONDC, FY 2025–26 in FocusChecked
- [5]Urban Company, Service partners earnings index, 9M FY26Checked
- [CN]Voice-session working notes (internal)Provided
Spotted a source we missed or a rule we misread? Tell us what we got wrong.
If a business can be found, understood and believed, what is the unit of the network? Not the shop, perhaps, but the node.